Monday, May 18, 2015

To Know More About Water Softener Nashville TN Is Worth Visiting

By Tammie Caldwell


Metal ions such as calcium and magnesium in waters pose various challenges, thus the need to remove them. When in need of water softener Nashville TN presents the ideal place to start the search from. A softener removes magnesium or calcium cations or both from waters. These ions are removed for various reasons. The removal process can be done on small or industrial scale.

The units for measuring hardness are milligrams per liter or grains per gallon. A grain is usually taken to be 64.8 milligrams of calcium. The presence of calcium or magnesium ions in waters is what is referred to as hardness. Treatment plants describe waters with 1 grain per gallon or below as being soft while those containing 3.5 to 7 GPG is moderate. Anything beyond 7 GPG is very hard waters.

Softening is needed for various reasons. Once the hardness is removed the waters lather more easily with soaps. Inconveniences like soap scums are not experienced after softening. Unwanted ions that had initially dissolved precipitate out, thus removing the hardness. The precipitation is in form of scales that collect inside domestic appliances like kettles and heaters. Industrial machinery including pipes gets discolored due to the deposition. Pipes get clogged up and burst whereas slow flow causes mechanical failures.

Descaling or reversing the scaling is achieved through various methods. Some descale effectively but do not tackle the hardness. Appliances used for this work reverses the damage caused due to accumulation of scales. It is crucial that buyers understand their function before purchase because they have no effect on the chemical makeup of water.

There are several methods of overcoming problems caused by presence of calcium and magnesium ions. The techniques range from reverse osmosis, ion exchange polymer, distillation, to addition of chemical softeners. Distilling water removes the hardness, though the process is expensive. Rainwater is soft since it is subjected to precipitation, evaporation, and condensation during its cycle. Washing soda also known as sodium carbonate removes the hardness and is ideal for both small and large scale applications.

The hydrostatic pressure gradient along membranes is the principle on which reverse osmosis is based. The membranes utilized have microscopic pores that are large enough to let only water molecules through whilst leaving ions responsible for hardness behind. The ions left behind are discarded by pouring a liquid over the membrane. Membranes utilized have a limit, which once attained they must be replaced.

Water-softening devices are based on ion exchange resin in which, the cations responsible for hardness are replaced with either sodium or potassium ions. They are in form of organic polymers that have high attraction for calcium and magnesium ions as compared to sodium and potassium ions. They are designed to absorb sulphate, carbonate, and bi-carbonate ions while releasing hydroxide ions. Once all the sodium ions have been replaced the unit has to be recharged.

To conclude, the two cations that cause hardness also have their importance. They are required for health purposes as they reduce solubility of some potentially poisonous metal ions like copper and lead. Copper and lead ions are highly soluble in soft waters as opposed to hard waters. Considering this reason it is advised, that the ions should not eliminated entirely from drinking water.




About the Author:



No comments:

Post a Comment